Python Modules and Packages

Topics:

1. Using modules
2. Using packages
3. How to Import modules
4. Using name == "main"
5. Python Built-in-Modules
6. Import System Variables
7. Python Package Index (PyPI)
8. Pip Install
9. Datetime and Time modules
10. Pip install django

1. Using modules

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utility.py

class Utility():
  def __init__(self):
    self.name = "arithmetic operators"

  def add(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 + num2

  def subtract(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 - num2

  def multiply(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 * num2

  def divide(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 / num2

utility = Utility()

main.py

import utility

class Main():
  def __init__(self,num1,num2):
    self.num1 = num1
    self.num2 = num2

  def operation(self):
    return utility.utility.add(self.num1,self.num2)

solve = Main(5,4)
print(solve.operation())

Result:

2. Using packages

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A Package is a folder for modules. It comes with an init python file.

main.py

from tools.utility import utility

class Main():
  def __init__(self,num1,num2):
    self.num1 = num1
    self.num2 = num2

  def operation(self):
    return utility.add(self.num1,self.num2)

solve = Main(5,4)
print(solve.operation())

utility.py

class Utility():
  def __init__(self):
    self.name = "arithmetic operators"

  def add(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 + num2

  def subtract(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 - num2

  def multiply(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 * num2

  def divide(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 / num2

utility = Utility()

3. How to Import modules

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main.py

from tools.utility import Utility
from tools.utility import adam
from tools.utility import sqroot as sqr
from tools.utility import *

class Main():
  def __init__(self,num1,num2):
    self.num1 = num1
    self.num2 = num2

  def operation(self):
    return adam.add(self.num1,self.num2)

solve = Utility().add(7,4)
solve2 = adam.multiply(7,4)
solve3 = sqr(25)
print(solve)
print(solve2)
print(solve3)

utility.py

from math import sqrt

class Utility():
  def __init__(self):
    self.name = "arithmetic operators"

  def add(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 + num2

  def subtract(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 - num2

  def multiply(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 * num2

  def divide(self,num1,num2):
    return num1 / num2

def sqroot(num):
  return sqrt(num)

adam = Utility()

4. Using name == "main"

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("main") is the environment where top-level code is run. Covers command-line interfaces, import-time behavior, and (name == "main").

from tools.utility import Utility
from tools.utility import adam
from tools.utility import sqroot as sqr
from tools.utility import *

class Main():
  def __init__(self,num1,num2):
    self.num1 = num1
    self.num2 = num2

  def operation(self):
    return adam.add(self.num1,self.num2)

if __name__ == "__main__":
  solve = Utility().add(7,4)
  solve2 = adam.multiply(7,4)
  solve3 = sqr(25)
  print(solve)
  print(solve2)
  print(solve3)
  print(__name__)

5. Python Built-in-Modules

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Python Module Index:

docs.python.org/3/py-modindex.html

https://docs.python.org/3/py-modindex.html

Random Module:

import random

print(random)
print(dir(random))
help(random)

import random

print(random.random())
print(random.randint(1, 10))
print(random.choice([1,2,3,4,5]))

from random import shuffle

my_list = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
random.shuffle(my_list)
print(my_list)

6. Import System Variables

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import sys

print(sys.version)
print(sys.executable)

def greet(who_to_greet):
    greeting = 'Hello, {}'.format(who_to_greet)
    return greeting

print(greet('World'))
print(greet('Corey'))

Screen Shot 2022-01-25 at 10.41.41 PM.png

Screen Shot 2022-01-25 at 10.45.04 PM.png

7. Python Package Index (PyPI)

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Visit: pypi.org

https://pypi.org/

8. Pip Install

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pip install pyjokes

Verify Pip3 list:

pip3 list
pip3 -V

Install Pyjokes:

pip3 install pyjokes 
pip3 install pyjokes --user

Pyjokes code:

import pyjokes 

joke = pyjokes.get_joke('en','neutral')
print(joke)

9. Datetime and Time modules

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import datetime
from time import time
from time import ctime
from time import sleep

print(datetime.time())
print(datetime.time(6,25,10))

print(datetime.date.today())
print(datetime.date(2011,10,5))

#The time() function returns the number of seconds passed since epoch.
#For Unix system, January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 at UTC is epoch (the point where time begins).
print("Seconds since epoch =",time())
print("Local Time =",ctime(time()))

#The sleep() function suspends (delays) execution of the current thread for the given number of seconds.
print("This is printed immediately.")
sleep(2.4)
print("This is printed after 2.4 seconds.")

10. Pip install django

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pip install django

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#21 - Python Modules and Packages

By Ifeanyi Omeata